Retrieval practice

Retrieval practice  is a strategy to recall already learned information by trying to retrieve it from memory. That is, to locate a piece of information in your mind so that you can use it in a new context or for a new activity. 

We need to practice finding, recalling and reusing information that has been stored in our long-term memory. The more we practice retrieving knowledge, the easier it becomes. Retrieval practice is important, because we rely on our existing knowledge to not only learn new knowledge but also to undertake higher order tasks such as critical thinking or problem solving.  The more easily we can recall knowledge or information, the easier it is for us to make use of that knowledge in new situations.  

The research evidence on the importance of retrieval practice is very strong. There also is a growing body of evidence on effective techniques for employing retrieval practice in the classroom.  

• Building opportunities for retrieval practice into lessons is the most effective approach. This could include using a do now at the start of the lesson to recap lesson learned the previous day, having a low-stakes quiz, asking students questions, or using student response cards. You also can build retrieval practice into more complex activities such as writing an essay. It can be useful to provide scaffolded retrieval opportunities. For example, the first time you get students to retrieve particular information, they can refer back to their notes. Then on subsequent attempts, try to get them to retrieve the information from memory unassisted.  

• What is the knowledge that you really want your students to retain? 
• How do you provide opportunities for students to retrieve and re-use information from previous lessons? 
• Are you encouraging students to retrieve the same information in different ways?